Parasitic nematode, Heterotylenchus autumnalis associated with the face fly, Musca autumnalis, which is deleterious to livestock producers around the world. The parasitic nematode can transmit several eye diseases and parasitic to cattle.
Musca autumnalis, face fly, Heterotylenchus
Axtell, R.C. 1986: Fly management in poultry production: cultural, biological, and chemical. Poultry Sci. 65: 657-667.
Deacutis, J. M., Leichter, C. A., Gerry, A. C., Rutz, D. A.,Watson, W. D., Geden, C. J. and Scott, J. G. 2006.
Susceptibility of field collected house flies to spinosad before and after a season of use. Journal of Agricultural and Urban Entomology, 23: 105-110.
Kaya, H. K., and R. D. Moon. 1978. The nematode Heterotylenchus autumnalis and face fly Musca autumnalis: a field study in northern California. J. Nematol. 10: 333Ð341.