Plants have been indispensable for their nutritional and health benefits, serving as primary sources of natural products used in pharmaceuticals, agrochemicals, flavors, fragrances, and more. The beneficial properties of plants are largely due to secondary metabolites, compounds essential for modern medicine and various industries. This article examines the role of microRNAs (miRNAs), small non-coding RNAs that regulate gene expression, in controlling the biosynthesis of these valuable secondary metabolites. The miRNAs influence plant developmental activities, stress responses, and various biological processes, including secondary metabolite production. By understanding and manipulating miRNA pathways, the production of these compounds can be enhanced. Effective techniques such as artificial miRNAs (amiRNAs) are widely used for targeted gene silencing and modification of small RNA biosynthesis pathways. The article discusses the potential of miRNA technology to revolutionize the production of plant-derived compounds, paving the way for innovations in medicine, agriculture, and industry through more efficient and sustainable practices.
Micro-RNA, Secondary Metabolite, Plants
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