Mahua is a multipurpose tree that furnishes the tribals with all-inclusive resources for livelihood sustenance. It bestows the rural inhabitants with basic requirements of food, fuel and timber as well as fodder, beverage, edible oil, traditional medicine, and farm applications. Mahua and its uses are embedded deep into the culture, customs, and traditions of ethnic communities in Madhya Pradesh. The spirit obtained from the distillation of its flowers is the predominant alcoholic beverage consumed by locals. The sale of Mahua, mainly flower and seed, and their derivative products, offers considerable income generation in addition to subsistence. The cultivation of mahua across various systems-whether in monoculture plantations, agroforestry frameworks, or ornamental horticulture exhibits significant potential for enhancing the socioeconomic conditions of tribal communities in Madhya Pradesh.
Rice bean (Vigna umbellate) is a prospective legume crop grown in many parts of south east Asia. Rice beans are resilient enough to adapt to various environments, from hills to marginal areas, where other crops may not acclimatize themselves easily. Rice beans are tolerant to many abiotic stresses and survive well in warm climates. It can be grown as a sole crop in the field or as a mixed crop with maize or wheat for better produce. Rice bean is a potent food and fodder crop. It serves as a genetic resource for a wide range of genes which are tolerant to biotic and abiotic stress. Rice beans are spread from the Indo-China region to the rest of the world. Being a rich source of albumin and globulin, it is crucially beneficial as a food and fodder crop in the Indian circumstances. Rice bean is now gaining the prevalence due to its adeptness to yield, aversion to various biotic stress, resilience to grow in various conditions and accessible domestication to a new environment with good sustenance potential, which makes rice bean an inexpensive substitute for the common conventional pulses.
Dairy farm management plays a pivotal role in the milk production ability of dairy animals. There are many factors like use of quality breeds, feeding management, housing management, health management, culling and replacement of animals, labour management etc., which directly and/or indirectly affect the economics of dairy farming. In this article, the role of those dairy farm management factors in optimizing milk production is briefly discussed which should be strictly followed to increase the production potential of dairy animals, and ultimately, to make the dairy business as a successful enterprise.
Feeding management of animals is one of the most important components of dairy farming. Scientific feeding and management of dairy animals favours in maximizing milk production through receiving balanced nutrients like protein, energy, fat, minerals, vitamins and salt in appropriate proportions and at the proper stage. This article highlights about the importance of proper nutrition for milk production, nutrient requirements at various stages of lactating animals, measures to be taken into account to supply various nutrients, the way of formulating diets and feeding management of dairy animals to achieve optimum lifetime milk production which should be followed by every dairy farmer to make dairy business economically viable.
The millets are the renewable source of the all-essential nutrients and mineral that are necessary part of the human’s functional health. Millets are a traditional staple food that consumes dominantly as standard diet in the dry land regions (mostly semi-arid tropical regions of Asia and Africa) of the world. Sorghum, Pearl millets, Finger millet, Foxtail millet, Common millet, little millet, Barnyard millet and Kodo millets and other minor millets included in millets group. Among the minor millets, finger millet, proso millet, and foxtail millet considered more importance. In most of the under developed nations, nearly all millets are consumed by humans; while, in wealthy nations, its main application has been as animal feed. In addition to the nutritional disadvantages of dairy products, like their high cholesterol and lactose content and the global predominance of gluten & lactose intolerance to dairy-based products, plant-based diets that connect environmental sustainability to human health have been created a market for such plant-based products. Hence the fermented millets foods, their bioactive ingredients, and the bacteria that surrounds them, all of which may enhance human health.
